Καφαρναούμ

Καφαρναούμ, ἡ indecl. (כְּפַר נַחוּם; Καφαρν. also P⁴⁵ Lk 10:15 and in the two gosp. Fgm. [V A.D.] Ox 847 [J 2:12]; 1596 [J 6:17]. In the later tradition the form Καπερναούμ predominates; on the spelling s. B-D-F §39, 2; Rob. 184; 219; FBurkitt, The Syriac Forms of NT Proper Names 1912, 27f, JTS 34, ’33, 388–90; F-MAbel, Le nom de C.: JPOS 8, 1928, 24–34) Capernaum (Ptolem. 5, 16, 4 Καπαρναούμ; cp. Jos., Bell. 3, 519 Καφαρναούμ, Vi. 403 εἰς κώμην Κεφαρνωκόν. Not in OT.), a city on Lake Gennesaret, whose location is still uncertain. Acc. to some (so the Onomastica), its ruins are to be found at Tell Ḥ̌m (or Telḥ̌m); this view has the best support at present. Acc. to others the site was at Khan Minyeh (so perh. Jos., Bell. 3, 519). Mt 4:13; 8:5; 11:23; 17:24; Mk 1:21; 2:1; 9:33; Lk 4:23, 31; 7:1; 10:15; J 2:12; 4:46; 6:17, 24, 59; GEb 34, 59.—HGuthe, RE X 27ff (lit.); BMeistermann, C. et Bethsaïde 1921; Dalman, Orte³ 149ff [Eng. tr. 133–59]; HBörge, Kapernaum ’40; BHjerl-Hansen, Kapernaum ’41; JKennard, Jr., Was C. the Home of Jesus?: JBL 65, ’46, 131–41; EBishop, Jesus and C.: CBQ 15, ’53, 427–37; CKopp, The Holy Places of the Gospels, tr. RWalls, ’63, 171–79; DNélman, Capernaum ’67; BHHW II 931; Kl. Pauly III, 112; JLaughlin, Bar 19, ’93, 55–61, 90; OEANE I 416–20. Further lit. s.v. συναγωγή 2a.